Hearing Loss in Aging: Detection and Treatment

Presbycusis (age-related hearing loss) is gradual, bilateral decline in hearing, typically affecting higher frequencies first. This sensorineural hearing loss results from inner ear changes and affects quality of life, social engagement, and cognitive health .

Early detection and treatment prevent communication difficulties and reduce risks for depression and cognitive decline.

Difficulty hearing in noisy environments, trouble understanding high-pitched voices, and needing volume increases suggest hearing loss. Tinnitus (ringing in ears) often accompanies hearing loss. Social withdrawal and difficulty following conversations may indicate unrecognized hearing impairment.

Audiometric testing quantifies hearing loss at different frequencies. Speech discrimination testing assesses ability to understand words. Tympanometry evaluates middle ear function. Otoscopic examination rules out earwax impaction or external ear problems.

Modern hearing aids are small, efficient, and often include wireless connectivity. Behind-the-ear aids suit various hearing loss severities. In-the-ear aids offer discretion. Cochlear implants benefit those with severe-profound hearing loss. Personal sound amplifiers offer less expensive alternatives for mild loss.

Speaking clearly, reducing background noise, and using written notes support communication with hearing-impaired individuals. Captioning services and video relay services assist with phone communication. Loop systems amplify sound in public venues.